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Rapid urbanisation across Africa and the world continues to place significant pressure on infrastructure, transport systems and urban services. At the 2026 Aggrey–Fraser–Guggisberg Memorial Lectures at the University of Ghana, Imperial College London’s Prof. Washington Yotto Ochieng explored how cities can respond to these challenges through smarter planning, resilient digital infrastructure and stronger collaboration between academia, industry and government.

The reality of climate-induced displacement in West Africa continues to reveal far-reaching consequences for individuals, households and entire communities. Its outcomes cut across loss of livelihoods, insecurity, health risks and disrupted social fabrics and sometimes the ultimate price of death. For policymakers, governments, international organisations and researchers, the issue has become a pressing concern because of the scale of displacement, its complexity and the disproportionate impacts it has on vulnerable groups.